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> Water:
A Fragile Resource
> HOW WE USE
WATER
HOW WE USE WATER
Water consumption varies
among countries. In some countries, acute water shortages limit water
use per person to several gallons per day. In developed countries,
per-capita water use may be as high as several hundred gallons
per day, an amount that encompasses agricultural and industrial uses as
well as direct individual consumption.
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Worldwide, more
water—approximately 70 percent of total withdrawals—is used for
agricultural purposes than for any other reason. Irrigation of arid
and semiarid lands has become increasingly important worldwide in
efforts to produce enough food for burgeoning populations, and
since 1955 the amount of land being irrigated worldwide has tripled.
The World Resources Institute estimates that three-fourths of the
agricultural land that is currently irrigated, some 200 million
hectares (494 million acres), is in developing countries. Asia has
more agricultural land under irrigation than do other regions, with
China, India, and Pakistan accounting for most of it. It is
projected that water use for irrigation will continue to increase in
the 21st century, but at a rate than in the last half of this
century. |
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